n-Butanol or
n-butyl alcohol or
normal butanol is a primary
alcohol with a 4-
carbon structure and the
molecular formula C
4H
9OH. Its
isomers include
isobutanol,
2-butanol, and
tert-butanol. Butanol is one of the group of "
fusel alcohols" (from the German for "bad liquor"), which have more than two carbon atoms and have significant solubility in water.
n-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the
fermentation of
sugars and other
carbohydrates,
[2] and is present in many foods and beverages.
[3][4] It is also a permitted artificial flavorant in the United States,
[5] used in butter, cream, fruit, rum, whiskey, ice cream and ices, candy, baked goods and cordials.
[6] It is also used in a wide range of consumer products.
[3]
The largest use of
n-butanol is as an industrial intermediate, particularly for the manufacture of
butyl acetate (itself an artificial flavorant and industrial solvent). It is a
petrochemical, manufactured from
propylene
and usually used close to the point of manufacture. Estimated
production figures for 1997 are: United States 784,000 tonnes; Western
Europe 575,000 tonnes; Japan 225,000 tonnes.
[4]
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